European governments strongly backed Israel right after Oct. 7, but that support didn’t last as protesters took to the streets in cities such as London, Dublin and Madrid. Antisemitic incidents have increased, and Jews in many areas have retreated from public life and silenced themselves out of fear of the response.
Hear from Joan Ryan, the British executive director of the European Leadership Network; Colin Shindler, an English scholar of Israel studies; Raouf Leeraar, then an official with the Dutch Center for Information and Documentation on Israel; Noemi Di Segni, the president of the Union of Italian Jewish Communities; David Hatchwell Altaras, former head of the Madrid Jewish community; Rabbi Mario Karpuj, an Israeli who leads a Madrid congregation; and Rabbi Yoni Wieder, the chief rabbi of Ireland.