In 1244, the duke issues a charter extending rights to Jews. His goal is to build the region’s economy. The charter encourages Jewish moneylending and Jewish migration to an outlying area. It also guarantees Jewish safety.
Latest articles from CIE
President Trump Celebrates Iran Deal, Criticizes Israel, June 2026
While taking a victory lap over a preliminary, limited agreement to end the war with Iran, President Trump criticizes and creates distance from Israel.
Evaluating Any U.S.-Iran Deal Against President Trump’s 2018 Criteria
The success or failure of 2026 U.S.-Iran negotiations may be judged by the elements President Trump listed in 2018.
President Trump Ends U.S. Participation in “Unacceptable Iran Deal,” Details How Iran Must Change Behavior, May 2018
President Trump in 2018 enumerates the behaviors Iran must change to enter a deal replacing the JPOA and thus creates a basis for judging his own negotiations with Tehran.
Statement by Deputy Secretary of State Blinken to House Foreign Affairs Committee, March 2015: Blocking or Paving Iran’s Path to Nuclear Weapons?
Antony Blinken pleads with Congress not to expand sanctions on Iran amid negotiations to contain Tehran’s nuclear program.
Board of Peace Roadmap for Gaza Explained, May 2026
The Board of Peace’s high commissioner for Gaza presents and explains the 15-point plan to fully implement the 20-point ceasefire and reconstruction plan for the Strip.
Board of Peace’s First 6-Month Report on Gaza, May 2026
In its first progress report on the implementation of the Gaza ceasefire and recovery efforts, the Board of Peace cites several successes but comes back to the perpetual problem of heavily armed Hamas.
#159 Contemporary Readings, May 2026
May 29, 2026 Compiled by Maya Rezak and Ken Stein Ariel Admoni, “The Crisis That Wasn’t: Qatar-Hamas Ties in the Shadow of the War With Iran,” Jerusalem Institute for Strategy and Security, May 20, 2026….
Explainer: Zionists and Arabs — Historical Sources on the Path to the Modern State of Israel
Update June 9, 2026; originally posted June 2021. Compiled by Dr. Ken Stein, CIE President, June 9, 2026 These sources and references unfold the history of the Jewish state through 1949, from state-seeking to state-making…
Explainer: Israel’s Declaration of IndependenceCIE+
The Israeli Declaration of Independence was crafted in the final month before independence but reflects a thoughtful approach to citizens, neighbors and American precedents.
