1263
Nachmanides, a Spanish Jewish doctor, known as Ramban, participates in a public debate with a Dominican monk and is convicted for publishing his side of the Disputation; the following year, he goes to Jerusalem and helps revitalize Jewish presence in the city. He inspires other Jews to return. The Ramban Synagogue, where he established his place of worship in the 13th century, still exists as one of the oldest synagogue in Jerusalem.