Convened in Vienna, issues of private enterprise, vis-à-vis socialists’ activities in Palestine, are discussed by the congress in light of a significant wave of immigration from Poland, which begins to constitute the beginning of a Zionist middle class in the country. To date, the majority of Jewish immigrants to Palestine had come with a socialist tinge to their ideology and work. The Revisionists, headed by Ze’ev Jabotinsky attend the Congress for the first time and demand more activist policies by the Zionist Movement.