Artist Reuven Rubin Is Born CIE+ members only
Reuven Rubin (born Rubin Zelicovici), one of Israel’s most acclaimed painters, is born in Galatz, Romania. Rubin’s family was both very poor and religious.
British Philanthropist and Zionist Alfred Mond Is Born CIE+ members only
An early Zionist supporter in England, Alfred Mond (who would later become the first Lord Melchett) is born in England. Despite the fact that his parents were Jewish, Mond was not raised as a Jew and in fact was married in the Anglican church and raised his children as Christians.
Acre Bombarded CIE+ members only
November 3, 1840 A coalition of Austrian, British and Ottoman forces commanded by Austrian Archduke Friedrich bombards the port city of Acre and drives out the Egyptian garrison. More than 1,100 Egyptians are killed in…
Birth of Karl Marx, Author of “The Communist Manifesto” and “On the Jewish Question” CIE+ members only
Karl Marx, whose theories of modern socialism will form the framework of the Communist Revolution in Russia, is born in Trier, a town in West Prussia (present day Germany).
Napoleon Proclaims Jews Rightful Heirs of Palestine CIE+ members only
After a successful campaign in Egypt, Napoleon issued a proclamation which declared Jews the rightful heirs of Palestine.
France Grants Citizenship to Sephardi Jews CIE+ members only
Sephardi Jews living in France are granted equal rights and given French citizenship by the National Assembly.
French National Assembly Debates Citizenship for Jews
Following the French Revolution and the August 26, 1789 Declaration of the Rights of Man, the issue of Jewish rights is debated in the French National Assembly for three days with no conclusion.
Charter of Duke Frederick II of Austria Is Issued CIE+ members only
In 1244, the duke issues a charter extending rights to Jews. His goal is to build the region’s economy. The charter encourages Jewish moneylending and Jewish migration to an outlying area. It also guarantees Jewish safety.
Saladin Captures Jerusalem CIE+ members only
Following a siege that began on September 20, Jerusalem falls to Saladin, the Sultan of Egypt.
