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Jerusalem- Old City, 1988

Map of Jerusalem’s Old City, 1988

The Old City of Jerusalem is divided into four religious quarters: Armenian, Christian, Jewish and Muslim areas. The overall population of the Old City is 34,000, 11 percent of whom are Jews. Jews account for 59 percent of the population of the Old City’s Jewish Quarter and 49 percent of the Armenian Quarter.

Maps|1988
Golan Heights after May 1974 Israeli Syrian Separation of Forces agreement

Map of Golan Heights After Israeli-Syrian Separation of Forces Agreement, May 1974

In the last days of the June 1967 War Israel secured a portion of the Syrian Golan Heights, estimated at 1300 sq km or 500 sq mi; Israel forces sit some 40 miles, 60km from Damascus. Before the June War, Israeli villages and populations in the valley were fired upon by Syrian forces from the Heights. In addition to being an important catchment for Jordan River waters which helps supply Israel’s water needs, the heights contain not fully explored hydrocarbon sources. In the northern Heights is Mt. Hermon which has strategic value for observing military movements into southern Lebanon and to Damascus.

Maps|May 1974

Map of Israeli-Egyptian Separation of Forces Agreement, January 1974

For Sadat, who had gone to war against Israel three months earlier, securing a military disengagement agreement was important. In addition, diplomatically engaging the US to secure the agreement meant entrenching Washington as a friend of Egypt. The US embraced the opportunity to quell tensions between Israel and Egypt, while squiring Cairo away from decades of Moscow’s embrace. Israel had its POWs returned and slowly tested Sadat’s broader intentions toward Jerusalem.

Maps|January 1974

Map of Operation Gazelle, October 15-17, 1973

Israel troop crossings with Egyptian counterattacks during the Yom Kippur War (October 1973). Israeli forces were led by Generals Sharon, Aden and Magen. Description of the Israeli Suez Canal crossing, Israel State Archives, October War

Maps|October 15-17, 1973

Transcript of Secret Talks Between Egyptian National Security Adviser Hafez Ismail and U.S. National Security Adviser Henry Kissinger, 1973

October 6, 2023, was the 50th anniversary of the outbreak of the October 1973 war. Six months prior, Egyptian President Sadat sent his national security adviser to meet with Secretary of State Kissinger to determine whether the U.S. would engage Egypt and Israel in serious mediation for a Sinai agreement, or a series of them, all focused on Israeli withdrawal and gradual acceptance of Israel. Kissinger did not take Sadat’s overtures seriously. Would American action then have avoided the October 1973 war? All informed analyses say no.

Documents and Sources|February 25-26, 1973

Allon Plan Map, 1967

Drafted by Minister of Labor Yigal Allon after the June 1967 war, the plan envisages Israeli retention of a series of settlements and military installations along the Jordan Valley as buffers to a potential Arab land attack from the east.

Maps|July 26, 1967

Map of Israel After the 1967 War

With its six-day victory in the June 1967 war, Israel added the Sinai Peninsula, the Gaza Strip, the Golan Heights and the West Bank (Judaea and Samaria) to the territory under its control. Israelis moved…

Maps|June 1967|Spanish

Map of Israel’s Armistice Lines, 1949-1967

In the aftermath of the 1948 War of Independence, Israel signed armistice agreements with Egypt, Jordan, Syria, and Lebanon. These armistice lines lasted until the immediate aftermath of the June 1967 War. Israel has 1068 kilometers in land borders. Egypt 208 km, Gaza Strip 59 km, Jordan 307 km, Lebanon 81 km, Syria 83 km, and the West Bank 330 km; its Mediterranean coastline 273 km. CIA The World Factbook – Israel

Maps|1949-1967

Map of Israel’s 1949 Borders

This map shows the territories controlled by Israel, Jordan (including the West Bank(, Lebanon, Syria and Egypt (including the Gaza Strip) at the end of Israel’s War of Independence in 1949. An Arab state was…

Maps|February 24, 1949|Spanish

Map of U.N. Partition Plan, 1947

The United Nations General Assembly approved Resolution 181 on Nov. 29, 1947, to divide the British Mandate of Palestine into an Arab state and a Jewish state along the lines in this map, with an…

Maps|November 29, 1947|Spanish|German
Palestine and Trans Jordan

Map of Palestine and Transjordan, 1922

When Britain controlled Palestine, she lopped off 80% of it and assigned it to the Hashemite family leader, Emir Abdullah. It became today’s Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan.

Maps|1922

Map of the Separation of Transjordan, 1921

As shown in this map, the British in 1921 separated a new emirate, Transjordan, from what officially became the Mandate for Palestine the next year. The British officially maintained political and military control of both…

Map of Sykes-Picot Agreement, 1916

Great Britain and France secretly negotiated the Sykes-Picot Agreement in 1916. The two European powers agreed, according to their respective spheres of influence, to divide the Middle East territories previously administered by the Ottoman Empire.

Maps|May 16, 1916|Spanish