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<span class="cie-plus-title">U.N. New York Declaration on the Two-State Solution, July 2025</span><span class="cie-plus-badge">CIE+</span>

U.N. New York Declaration on the Two-State Solution, July 2025CIE+

Seized by the severity of the Gaza war and nonmovement on a Palestinian-Israeli negotiating process, the U.N. offers a diplomatic road map to end the war and start negotiations. Led by France and Saudi Arabia, it asserts PA primacy as the legitimate Palestinian political representative, addresses possible Palestinian governance reform, seeks to empower a sovereign and economically viable state of Palestine living side by side in security with Israel, and contains other vague PA promises. Israel and the U.S. reject the Declaration. The Israeli government refuses to have outside parties determine the outlines or pace of negotiations with any country because negotiations impact Israeli security today and tomorrow.

<span class="cie-plus-title">Bibliography — Jerusalem</span><span class="cie-plus-badge">CIE+</span>

Bibliography — JerusalemCIE+

June 2025 CIE has compiled the following list of books and articles, including some available on our website, to guide understanding of Israel’s capital, the holy city of Jerusalem. Books Adelman, Madelaine, and Miriam Fendius…

Bibliographies|June 2025
<span class="cie-plus-title">Letter From PA President Mahmoud Abbas to French President Emmanuel Macron, June 2025</span><span class="cie-plus-badge">CIE+</span>

Letter From PA President Mahmoud Abbas to French President Emmanuel Macron, June 2025CIE+

PA President Abbas makes requests and gives promises to the French president for the establishment of a Palestinian
state. His commitments were not negotiated with Israel. They are meant to seek support for the end of the Gaza war,
the affirmation of Abbas and the PA as the sole Palestinian political address, and international support for a Palestinian state.
As in the past, the PA and Abbas seek international support to pressure Israel into undesirable political actions.

Documents and Sources|June 12, 2025
<span class="cie-plus-title">Emergency Arab League Communique — Declaration on Gaza and the Palestinians, March 2025</span><span class="cie-plus-badge">CIE+</span>

Emergency Arab League Communique — Declaration on Gaza and the Palestinians, March 2025CIE+

Meeting in Cairo in early March 2025, the Arab League of States endorsed an Egyptian plan for the reconstruction of Gaza that was, above all else, a cleverly worded statement. The contents did not break new diplomatic ground and made no mention of Hamas or its political future. As a consensus document, it aimed at satisfying as many Arab interests and foreign ears as possible.

Documents and Sources|March 4, 2025
<span class="cie-plus-title">Jordan’s Abdullah Sees Middle East “Finish Line” From Trump White House, 2025</span><span class="cie-plus-badge">CIE+</span>

Jordan’s Abdullah Sees Middle East “Finish Line” From Trump White House, 2025CIE+

Abdullah II remains studiously noncommittal in support of Donald Trump’s idea for the U.S. to take over the Gaza Strip, rebuild it and relocate its Palestinian residents to other countries. With Jordan’s strong economic, strategic and defense ties to Washington, no one expected the king to be effusive for Trump’s suggestions for Gaza’s future. Jordan lacks the economic and demographic absorptive capacities and the political interest to take another wave of Palestinians into its territory.

Documents and Sources|February 11, 2025
<span class="cie-plus-title">Prime Minister Netanyahu Addresses Congress on Hamas War, 2024</span><span class="cie-plus-badge">CIE+</span>

Prime Minister Netanyahu Addresses Congress on Hamas War, 2024CIE+

In a 52 minute speech, Netanyahu explained Israel’s absolute need for total victory in the Gaza war because Hamas and Iran were both enemies of the United States and Israel. With bi-partisan emphasis, he thanked Presidents Biden and Trump for their unwavering current and past support. Dozens of congressional members did not attend his speech, noting disagreements with the Prime Minister’s policies.

Documents and Sources|July 24, 2024
<span class="cie-plus-title">Netanyahu’s Address to the U.N. General Assembly, 2023</span><span class="cie-plus-badge">CIE+</span>

Netanyahu’s Address to the U.N. General Assembly, 2023CIE+

Addressing Israel’s fear of Iran’s access to nuclear weapons, the same point made by his predecessor Yair Lapid stressed in 2022 at the UN, Netanyahu like Lapid praised the Abraham Accords, noting in a quite unrestrained fashion that Israel was on the ‘cusp of a historic peace with Saudi Arabia.” The Prime Minister did mention support for a two-state solution with the Palestinians as Lapid had done previously.

Documents and Sources|September 22, 2023
<span class="cie-plus-title">President Herzog, December 2022: “Bahrain’s Warm Peace With Israel: What’s Next?”</span><span class="cie-plus-badge">CIE+</span>

President Herzog, December 2022: “Bahrain’s Warm Peace With Israel: What’s Next?”CIE+

President Isaac Herzog visited Manama, Bahrain, his fourth trip to a Middle Eastern country in 2022 (Abu Dhabi in January, Istanbul in March, Amman in June and Sharm el-Sheikh in November), all aimed at bolstering bilateral relations with Arab states. Talks in Bahrain focused on expanding trade and sharing, among others, Israeli solar and desalination technologies.

Documents and Sources|December 4, 2022