Assembled here are key sources that have shaped the modern Middle East, Zionism and Israel. We have included items that give texture, perspective and opinion to historical context. Many of these sources are mentioned in the Era summaries and contain explanatory introductions.

U.S.-Israel Free-Trade Agreement, 1985

August 19, 1985 Introduction Israel and the United States enacted a free-trade agreement in August 1985 with the explicit goal not only of strengthening bilateral relations and expanding trade, but also of boosting a struggling…

Documents and Sources|April 16, 2025